DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND ITS PROSPECTS IN THE LIGHT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECONOMIC DEMOGRAPHIC POLICY

Abstract

Issues of demography are always closely related to the economy, since human capital today is the main driving force of progress. The article examines the demographic situation in the Russian Federation as of the end of 2023. Despite the colossal efforts made by the government of our country to increase the birth rate, the population of Russia is declining year by year. The national project “Demography”, which is currently being implemented, implies an unprecedented level of state support for motherhood and childhood, which is expressed in assistance to families at the birth of children, promotion of maternal employment, and health support for the population of different age groups. However, the indicator of natural population growth - the excess of birth rates over deaths - has been consistently negative for the last thirty years, and the total fertility rate has been decreasing from year to year. Rosstat published a demographic forecast of the population until 2045, in which it predicted a further decline in the number of Russians. The only way out of this situation seems to be strengthening the institution of family and increasing life expectancy.