ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING HOUSING AFFORDABILITY IN A SUBJECT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION (USING THE PERM TERRITORY AS AN EXAMPLE)

Abstract

The article presents an analysis of housing affordability in the Perm Territory for the period 2020-2024, including a study of the dynamics of prices in the primary and secondary real estate markets, changes in household income, and mortgage lending conditions. The research methodology is based on a comprehensive application of statistical analysis, a comparative method, and a normative approach, with the calculation of a housing affordability index that takes into account demographic indicators, the cost per square meter, interest rates, and household income. The study revealed a steady downward trend in housing affordability, driven by the faster growth of real estate prices compared to the increase in household income. In the primary market, the affordability index has exceeded the critical threshold, making it nearly impossible to purchase a home with an average salary. The secondary market offers a relatively better situation, but high mortgage interest rates pose significant financial risks for buyers. There is a direct correlation between inflation rates, construction volumes, and housing prices. The analysis reveals that the most affordable option is a secondary home with an area of approximately 57.4 square meters, but even in this segment, there are increased risks. The study proposes measures to improve the situation, including the expansion of preferential mortgage programs, support for developers of socially significant projects, and the development of infrastructure to redistribute demand. Special attention is given to the need for government support for young families and employees in priority sectors of the economy. The practical significance of the study lies in the potential for using its findings to develop regional programs to increase housing affordability.